Since its invention, laser has been widely used in different fields such as processing, manufacturing, testing and medical treatment with many advantages such as monochromaticity, good directivity and energy concentration. In recent years, scientists have discovered a more exotic type of laser - the femtosecond laser. It is reported that the femtosecond laser is the shortest pulse technology that can be obtained by humans under laboratory conditions. Femtosecond lasers emit more power in an instant than the world's total power generation, and scientists predict that femtosecond lasers will play an important role in the field of new energy in the next century.
Ultrafast super super laser mainly takes femtosecond laser as the core of research and application, as a unique scientific research tool and means, the application of femtosecond laser can be broadly summarized as three main aspects, that is, the application of femtosecond laser in the field of ultrafast, the application in the field of super strength and the application in ultra-fine precision machining.
(1) Ultrafast phenomena are physical, chemical or biological processes that occur in the microscopic system of matter. Femtosecond laser plays a rapid diagnostic role in the field of ultrafast phenomena. The femtosecond laser is like an extremely fine clock and an ultra-high-speed "camera", which can analyze and record some rapid processes in nature, especially at the atomic and molecular level. In this field, the femtosecond laser has opened a new door, allowing us to glimpse the natural world in greater detail.
(2) The application of femtosecond lasers in the field of super-strength (also known as high-field physics) is due to the fact that the peak power and light intensity of femtosecond pulses with a certain energy can be very high. The electromagnetic field corresponding to such a strong light would be much larger than the coulomb field in the atom, which would easily strip all the electrons out of the atom. Therefore, femtosecond laser is an important tool for the study of higher-order nonlinear multi-photon processes in atomic and molecular systems. The corresponding energy density of a femtosecond laser is only possible in a nuclear explosion. Femtosecond glare can be used to produce coherent X-rays and other extremely short wavelength light, which can be used in the study of controlled nuclear fusion.
(3) With the increasing size of integrated circuits, electronic components are becoming smaller and smaller in size, and this demand provides space for ultra-fine processing technology. The application of femtosecond laser to ultrafine machining is another important application research field of femtosecond laser technology in addition to the study of ultrafast phenomena and super-strong phenomena. This application is in line with the market demand and began to gradually develop in recent years, has made a lot of important progress.
Different from femtosecond ultra-fast and femtosecond super-strong research, femtosecond laser ultra-fine processing is closely related to advanced manufacturing technology, and can play a more direct role in promoting the development of some key industrial production technologies. Femtosecond laser ultramicromachining is a very attractive research direction in laser and optoelectronics industry in the world today. With the continuous development of femtosecond laser technology and the continuous expansion of application fields, femtosecond laser will certainly have more applications.